Skip to main content Skip to main navigation Skip to search

Queensland and NSW floods 2022

Visit recovery.gov.au to see what help is available.

Close
Home

Top navigation main

  • News & media
  • Jobs
  • Ministers
  • Contact us
Main menu

AWE Main

  • Climate change
    Climate change Driving climate action, science and innovation so we are ready for the future.
    • Climate science and adaptation
    • Australia's climate change strategies
    • Emissions reduction
    • Emissions reporting
    • International commitments
    • Climate Active
    • Climate change publications and data
    • Australia’s National Greenhouse Accounts (Emissions Data)
    Stronger action on climate change

    Stronger action on climate change

    See how the Australian Government is committed to taking more ambitious action on climate change.

    Find out more

  • Energy
    Energy Building a secure and sustainable energy system for all Australians.
    • Energy policy in Australia
    • Energy and Climate Change Ministerial Council
    • Renewable energy
    • Energy publications
    • energy.gov.au
    • Energy Rating
    • Commercial Building Disclosure Program
    • Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme (NatHERS)
    • Your Home
    Decorative image

    Nationwide House Energy Rating Scheme

    Guiding energy-efficient design and construction for a net-zero future

    Find out more about NatHERS

  • Environment
    Environment Improving stewardship and sustainable management of Australia’s environment.
    • Bushfire recovery
    • Climate change and the environment
    • Biodiversity
    • EPBC Act
    • Environmental information and data
    • International activities
    • Invasive species
    • Land
    • Marine
    • Partnerships
    • Protection
    • Report a breach of environment law
    • Threatened species & ecological communities
    • Waste and recycling
    • Wildlife trade
    Decorative image

    Read our Nature Positive Plan

    Our plan sets out the Australian Government’s commitment to environmental law reform

    Find out more

  • Water
    Water Improving the sustainable management of Australia’s water supply for industry, the environment and communities.
    • Coal, Coal seam gas (CSG) and water
    • Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder
    • Water policy and resources
    • Wetlands
    Water matters

    Water Matters

    Keep up with the latest news on the department's work in managing Australia's water resources.

    Read the latest edition here

  • Parks and heritage
    Parks and heritage Managing Australia’s iconic national parks, historic places and living landscapes.
    • Australian Marine Parks
    • Australian National Botanic Gardens
    • Booderee National Park
    • Kakadu National Park
    • Christmas Island National Park
    • National parks
    • Norfolk Island National Park
    • Heritage
    • Pulu Keeling National Park
    • The Great Barrier Reef
    • Uluṟu-Kata Tjuṯa National Park
    The reef

    Great Barrier Reef

    Australia is protecting and conserving this World Heritage Area.

    Find out more

  • Science and research
    Science and research Undertaking research and collecting data to support informed decisions and policies.
    • Climate change
    • Australia's biological resources
    • National Environmental Science Program (NESP)
    • Office of the Science Convenor
    • Australian Biological Resource Study (ABRS)
    • State of the Environment (SoE) reporting
    • Bird and bat banding
    • Supervising Scientist
    Our climate is changing

    Our climate is changing

    Find out more about how climate science helps Australians with the impacts of climate change.

    Find out more

  • About us
    About us We lead Australia’s response to climate change and sustainable energy use, and protect our environment, heritage and water.
    • Accountability and reporting
    • Assistance, grants and tenders
    • Fees and charges
    • News and media
    • Our commitment to you
    • People and jobs
    • What we do
    • Who we are
    Decorative image

    Juukan Gorge response

    Read the Australian Government's response to the destruction at Juukan Gorge and the recommendations

    Read the response

  • Online services
    Online services We do business with you using online platforms. This makes it easier for you to meet your legal requirements.
Department of Climate Change, Energy, Enviroment and Water

Breadcrumb

  1. Home
  2. Environment
  3. Environment protection
  4. Chemicals management
  5. Industrial Chemicals Environmental Management Standard - IChEMS
  6. IChEMS Online Register
  7. Hexabromobiphenyl (HBB)

Sidebar first - EN - Protection

  • IChEMS
    • Online Register
    • Roadmap
    • IChEMS Scheduling
    • Australian PBT Criteria
    • Minimum Standards
    • Advisory Committee

Hexabromobiphenyl (HBB)

Back to IChEMS Online Register

This page helps you to understand the IChEMS regulatory scheduling decision and provides information to support the management of industrial chemicals in line with IChEMS.

This page is for information only. For details on your legal obligations, look at the relevant regulator and the official version of the Industrial Chemicals Environmental Management (Register) Instrument 2022 (IChEMS Register).

Chemical use and management

This chemical is listed in Schedule 7 of the IChEMS Register. Schedules 6 and 7 of the IChEMS Register regulate the highest risk chemicals. All uses of chemicals listed in Schedule 7 should be phased out.

Find out more about IChEMS Scheduling.

Uses

Hexabromobiphenyl (HBB) is a flame retardant that was commonly used in plastic casings and car upholstery.

HBB is not likely to have been used in Australia since the 1970s. This chemical is not expected to be present in products or finished goods (‘articles’) or have significant waste management issues.

Restrictions

Schedule 7 chemicals have a range of prohibitions and restrictions. These will help to stop widespread use of HBB from starting again.

The import, manufacture and export of HBB is prohibited, with limited exceptions.

HBB can only be used for research or laboratory purposes, or where the chemical is present in finished goods (‘articles’) that are already in use.

These controls do not apply if HBB is unintentionally present in a very small amount.

If you handle waste containing HBB, you must:

  • take measures to avoid contaminating other wastes with HBB
  • dispose of waste containing HBB in a particular way
  • not recover, recycling, reclaim or re-use HBB on its own (in other words, as a ‘neat’ chemical)
  • manage stockpiles of waste containing HBB in a particular way.

Businesses handling industrial chemicals must comply with the IChEMS Minimum Standards . These standards align with existing environment, health, safety, and duty of care obligations. They were designed for varying business needs and local requirements. This means that your business will likely already meet all or most of the standards.

You must also follow any additional guidance and requirements set by regulators for managing environmental risks. More information is available from your Commonwealth, state, or territory environmental regulator.

Schedule

7

Relevant industrial chemical

Name: Hexabromobiphenyl, defined as chemical compounds based on the biphenyl structural element, where six hydrogen atoms have been replaced by bromine atoms.

End uses or generalised uses

Nil

Prohibitions, restrictions and risk management measures

  1. This entry comes into effect on 1 July 2023.
  2. The importation and manufacture of, and end uses for, the chemical (whether on its own or in mixtures) are prohibited except:
    1. in circumstances where the chemical is present unintentionally and unavoidably at a level at which the chemical cannot be meaningfully used; or
    2. for research or laboratory purposes; or
    3. if a hazardous waste import permit authorises the importation of the chemical.
  3. The importation, manufacture and use of an article containing the chemical are prohibited except:
    1. in circumstances where the chemical is present in the article unintentionally and unavoidably at a level at which the chemical cannot be meaningfully used; or
    2. for research or laboratory purposes; or
    3. if a hazardous waste import permit authorises the importation of the article; or
    4. in circumstances in which the article is already in use on or before 1 July 2023.
  4. The exportation of the chemical (whether on its own or in mixtures), or an article containing the chemical, is prohibited except:
    1. for the chemical—in circumstances where the chemical is present unintentionally and unavoidably at a level at which the chemical cannot be meaningfully used; or
    2. for the article—in circumstances where the chemical is present in the article unintentionally and unavoidably at a level at which the chemical cannot be meaningfully used; or
    3. if a hazardous waste export permit authorises the exportation of the chemical or the article.
  5. Producers and holders of waste must undertake all reasonably practicable measures to avoid contamination of the waste with the chemical.
  6. Waste consisting of, containing or contaminated by the chemical at a concentration that is equal to, or greater than, 50 mg/kg must be disposed of, as soon as reasonably practicable, either:
    1. in such a way as to ensure that the chemical is destroyed or irreversibly transformed so that the remaining waste and environmental releases do not contain chemicals that have Schedule 6 risk characteristics or Schedule 7 risk characteristics; or
    2. as authorised under a law of the Commonwealth or a State, where treatment in accordance with subparagraph (i) is not the environmentally preferable option.
  7. Waste consisting of, containing or contaminated by the chemical at a concentration of less than 50 mg/kg must be disposed of, as soon as reasonably practicable, in an environmentally sound manner as authorised under a law of the Commonwealth or a State.
  8. Disposal must not lead to recovery, recycling, reclamation or re-use of the chemical on its own, subject to paragraph (i).
  9. In carrying out disposal, the chemical may be isolated from the waste, provided that it is subsequently disposed of in accordance with paragraphs (f) and (g).
  10. If an activity in relation to the chemical, or an article containing the chemical, is not permitted under paragraph (b), (c) or (d), a holder of a stockpile of the chemical must:
    1. notify the relevant agency responsible for environmental protection of the nature and size of the stockpile; and
    2. manage that stockpile as waste in accordance with paragraphs (f) and (g); and
    3. comply with all relevant laws that apply in the relevant jurisdiction.
  11. The IChEMS Minimum Standards must be complied with.

Explanatory information

Nil

Scheduling history 

14/12/2022 – first scheduled

See more

Note: the following information is not part of the scheduling decision recorded in the IChEMS Register. It is provided for information only.

Chemicals may be scheduled as a class under IChEMS. This listing applies to a group of chemicals known as hexabromobiphenyl.  

Table 1 shows an indicative list of chemicals covered by the IChEMS regulatory scheduling decision. This list is not comprehensive. It should not be relied on to identify all chemicals subject to the IChEMS regulatory scheduling decision. The prohibitions, restrictions and risk management measures for this listing apply to any chemical found to meet the group description.

Table 1: Indicative list of chemical group members
CAS Registry Number Chemical name

36355-01-8

hexabromobiphenyl

82865-89-2

2,2’,3,3’,4,4’-hexabromobiphenyl

82865-90-5

2,2’,3,3’,4,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

119264-50-5

2,2’,3,3’,4,6’-hexabromobiphenyl

55066-76-7

2,2’,3,3’,5,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

119264-51-6

2,2’,3,3’,5,6’-hexabromobiphenyl

81381-52-4

2,2’,3,4,4’,5-hexabromobiphenyl

67888-98-6

2,2’,3,4,4’,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

120991-47-1

2,2’,3,4,5,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

119264-52-7

2,2’,3,4,5’,6-hexabromobiphenyl

69278-59-7

2,2’,3,4’,5’,6-hexabromobiphenyl

93261-83-7

2,2’,3,4’,5,6’-hexabromobiphenyl

119264-53-8

2,2’,3,5,5’,6-hexabromobiphenyl

59080-40-9

2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

36402-15-0

2,2’,4,4’,5,6’-hexabromobiphenyl

59261-08-4

2,2’,4,4’,6,6’-hexabromobiphenyl

77607-09-1

2,3,3’,4,4’,5-hexabromobiphenyl

84303-47-9

2,3,3’,4,4’,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

120991-48-2

2,3,3’,4,5,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

82865-91-5

2,3,3’,4’,5’,6-hexabromobiphenyl

67888-99-7

2,3’,4,4’,5,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

84303-48-0

2,3’,4,4’,5’,6-hexabromobiphenyl

60044-26-0

3,3’,4,4’,5,5’-hexabromobiphenyl

Chemical structure

Chemical structure of HBB

Known current and historical uses

It is likely that production and use of HBB in Australia ended in the 1970s. Worldwide, production and use had ceased in most countries by at least the mid-2000s.

Historically, HBB was used as a fire retardant in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) thermoplastics for:

  • business machine housings
  • industrial and electrical products (e.g. motor housing and radio and television parts)
  • coatings and lacquers
  • polyurethane foam for auto upholstery.

Summary of risk characteristics

This chemical is listed on the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Chemicals are listed on this convention due to:

  • high persistence in the environment
  • high bioaccumulation potential
  • strong potential for long-range environmental transport
  • chronic toxic effects.

Find out more on the management of POPs, including alternatives to their use through the Stockholm Convention.

Advisory Committee advice

IChEMS Advisory Committee: Advice to the Decision Maker on Hexabromobiphenyl (HBB), 19 October 2022

Thanks for your feedback.
Thanks! Your feedback has been submitted.

We aren't able to respond to your individual comments or questions.
To contact us directly phone us or submit an online inquiry

CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.

Please verify that you are not a robot.

Skip

Footer

  • Contact us
  • Accessibility
  • Disclaimer
  • Privacy
  • FOI
Last updated: 16 December 2022

© Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water

We acknowledge the Traditional Owners of country throughout Australia and recognise their continuing connection to land, waters and culture. We pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging.